Energy sustainability is one of Nigeria’s most crucial areas that lack development, causing much discomfort for the citizens. According to some estimates, Nigeria needs an average of 105,000MW for a stable electricity supply. Many discussions and seminars have identified the potential of renewable energy in Nigeria. The discussions majorly focus on solar power due to Nigeria’s geographical position on the globe. These discussions have also included Wind Energy, contemplating how favourable it will be in certain parts of the country due to weather conditions and topography. Some see its potential, while others are in doubt.
Wind energy is a sustainable energy source that generates electricity by using airflow. Wind turbines are normally hundreds of meters tall to capture greater winds, with tens of metres long blades. A single modest wind turbine can provide electricity for a single residence, whereas wind farms with many larger turbines can provide electricity to the grid. The wind spins the blades of a wind turbine coupled to a generator, which converts the wind’s kinetic energy into electricity.
A lot of studies have found that the use of wind energy for electricity generation in Nigeria has a lot of potentials. Some studies show that Nigeria’s wind potential was highest in the inland hilly parts of the north. The steep terrains in the central belt and northern edges showed considerable potential for great wind energy harvesting. However, due to how the topography differs, there might be differences in the power generation capacity. Wind speeds are generally weak in the country’s south, which is mainly plains. However, offshore areas stretching from Lagos, Rivers, Bayelsa, Akwa Ibom and Delta have been estimated to have the potential to capture powerful wind energy all year.
Nigeria has abundant wind resources around the country. Although wind speeds in the southern states are modest, small-scale wind turbines can be used to generate power for off-grid purposes. If implemented, this will be a big breakthrough for rural and sub-rural communities that are not connected to the national grid.
Dependable commitments haven’t been made to developing wind energy in Nigeria, which could benefit the power sector. Many steps could be taken to promote wind energy development in Nigeria. The government could develop fiscal and regulatory policies to encourage wind energy in Nigeria, which would also attract international investors and partnerships.
Also, sensitization and education on the renewable sector encourage Nigerians to use these energy resources. Research and development and introduction of renewable energy into the school curriculum and building capacity to operate and manage wind technology would benefit young people looking to enter the clean energy sector.